Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Journal Entries (1) Example
Essays on Journal Entries (1) Personal Statement Journal Entries Task: Outlines I. Individual differences and organizational behavior II. Personality characteristics in organizations III. Interpersonal processes and behavior IV. Communication Journal Entries Individual processes and organizational behavior (Nelson Quick, 2010). While working as a teacherââ¬â¢s assistant to special needs young adults, my challenge is to work with people who have a multitude of individual characteristics. The more I understand those characters, the more my work becomes easier. Emotional steadiness and assertiveness are the qualities, which can pilot top performance. I learn about the behaviors of persons with special needs to know them better and how best to assist them in getting ready for their lives. Throughout my occupation experience, I have observed many characteristics and their influences to the individuals. Some of the important characteristics that I need to observe while assisting the young adults with special needs are the locus of control and self-esteem. ââ¬Å"Locus of controlâ⬠is a common tendency about inner self against outside circumstances meaning that it has a strong control on an individualââ¬â¢s life. Those persons with inner ââ¬Å"locus of controlâ⬠perform highly and can be good managers of their lives. In my profession, it is vital to assess my control. Self-esteem is a personââ¬â¢s wide-ranging sense of self-worth. People with higher self-esteem have optimistic feelings concerning themselves and they recognize themselves to have strengths and limitations, and believe their strengths are more vital than their limitations. Persons with lower self-esteem perceive themselves unenthusiastically and are affected by other peopleââ¬â¢s perceptions about them. Peopleââ¬â¢s self-esteem influences their feelings, and has vital insinuations for behavior in their work. Persons in organizations with higher self-esteem perform greatly and are always contented with their work and lives. Various circumstances inf luence self-esteem. A personââ¬â¢s achievements tend to escalate self-esteem while failure lowers it. Given that high self-esteem is a helpful characteristic, I always motivate my students to escalate their self-esteem by giving them appropriate challenges and chances for success. Interpersonal processes and behavior (Nelson Quick, 2010). Interpersonal communication is vital in sustaining human relationships in an institution. Interpersonal communication, especially between a teacher and learners, is a critical base for effectual performance in an institution. In organizations, language and power are entwined in the contact that occurs between supervisors and workers. This is mainly important when leaders are articulating idea and successes from the employees. Studies illustrate that, leaders in a variety of jobs and institutions are most helpful in work units that engage in habitual communication within units, while those leaders with the highest promotions rates engaged in networking activities with superiors. Oral communication and cooperative behaviors are important contextual performance tendencies that have positive effects on the psychosocial quality of the work environment. Some communication factors are used to distinguish a good teacher or manager. These skills include being expressive speakers and empathetic listeners. Communicative supervisors express their opinion in meetings. They are usually confident presenting their views. Supervisors who are not communicative may make the workforce wonder what their supervisorsââ¬â¢ opinions are about issues. Expressive supervisors let the workers acknowledge their position and what they think or believe. Empathetic listeners use the thoughtful listening skills like being patient and reactive to problems. As an assistant of the special needs adults, I respond and engage with the concerns of my students. I can hear the reflections and emotions of the message from people and the contents of such processes. As such, better supervisors are ready to listen to ideas and criticisms. Reference Nelson, D. Quick, C. (2010). Organizational Behavior: Science, the Real World, and You. New York: NY. Cengage Learning.
Epic of Gilgamesh Free Essays
After reading the Epic of Gilgamesh I put great thought into the meaning and exactly who was tamed. I think this epic is about the taming of nature and man. To me, Enkidu represents nature he was created as a wild man and ââ¬Å"he was innocent of mankind; he knew nothing of the cultivated land. We will write a custom essay sample on Epic of Gilgamesh or any similar topic only for you Order Now â⬠He is animal like in the beginning of the epic and it takes the advancement of the harlot to make him a man. Once Enkidu has slept with the harlot his animal brethren no longer accept him because he now has the stench of humanity. Another example of nature being tamed is the killing of Humbaba, Lord of the Cedars. I think Humbaba is a symbol for nature that must be tamed if humanityââ¬â¢s civilization is to grow. ââ¬Å"While Gilgamesh felled the first of the trees of the forest Enkidu cleared their roots to the banks of the Euphrates. â⬠This sounds to me like clearing of a forest in the name of progress. It seems like they are making the land suitable for use by humans for farming. No regard is given for the forest, the animals that live in the forest or any future implications from this clearing. I do think Gilgamesh ends in journey tamed, he realizes man is part animal and we still need what nature provides. I think in modern day society we still find ourselves trying to tame nature. With the clearing of rainforests for development and to the taming of animals. I think in todayââ¬â¢s society we waste the land and the benefits we get from nature. How to cite Epic of Gilgamesh, Papers
Sunday, April 26, 2020
Populism Essay Example
Populism Essay Populism DBQ During the period of 1880-1900, farmers were facing many hardships. Financial issues were one of the main difficulties as well as long hours, droughts, insect plagues, and ranchers and cowboys. The farmers refused to back down without a fight. Farmers made valid complaints and expected something to be done about it. Their complaints werenââ¬â¢t being listened to and they took matter into their own hands. The Farmers Alliance was formed in the 1890ââ¬â¢s to serve for needs of education, farming methods, and to organize economic and political action. A great hardship farmers faced was overproduction of crops. Because of the over production, crop prices were lowered and farmers werenââ¬â¢t able to make much money. In Document E, J. Laurence Laughlin, ââ¬Å"Causes of Agriculture Unrestâ⬠, it explains the enlargement of supply without the corresponding increase of demand. This being something that caused some farmers to even go into a depression. Farmers needed more land to compensate for the price. Also happening during this time was the drastic change between gold and silver currency. The change was creating chaos. When gold became scarce, government took it upon themselves to make silver the new form of currency. We will write a custom essay sample on Populism specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Populism specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Populism specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In Document A, The Platform of the Peopleââ¬â¢s (populist) party, it states that silver being the new currency as opposed to gold made the value of property and labor go down. Thus only adding to the difficulties farmers had to paying. The rising costs greatly affected farmers in the 1800-1900ââ¬â¢s. Big companies kept their prices high making it almost impossible for small farmers to keep up. They also had to keep up with the middle man and warehouses and retailers stores that shared the profit. In Document F, James B. Weaver ââ¬Å"A Call to Action: An Interpretation of Great Uprisingâ⬠, it says monopolies are key to destroy competition. Thatââ¬â¢s exactly what they were doing to small farms so theyââ¬â¢d no longer have competition. They would decrease the prices of raw materials then theyââ¬â¢d increase the price to the consumer. This guaranteed farmers to be in debt for years to come. Document D, The Farmerââ¬â¢s Voice: a Chicago Newspaper, the cartoon shows a lineup of farmerââ¬â¢s mortgages going into foreclosure because they just cannot afford their farms anymore. Railroads during this time had to raise their prices as well. They charged more for short haults so theyââ¬â¢d be able to stay in business. In Document G, Testimony of George W. Parker, Railroads were feeling the effects of the rising costs too. To survive, the only thing they could do was to raise their prices aswell. Value of money caused great tensions for farmers. As gold became less available to get and silver became predominant, it was changed into the new currency. The silver to gold ratio was 16 ounces of silver to 1 ounce of gold. In Document B, Acceptance Speech of William McKinley, he states debasement of currency means destruction of value. Free silver didnââ¬â¢t change anything for farmers, they were still in debt working long hours with horrible pay. As if the money wasnââ¬â¢t scarce enough, immigrats coming to the land and increasing population made circulation of the money even worse. In Document C, United States government data, you see the number in thousands of increasing population while the money in circulation takes a large dip before slowly regaining standard. Farmers faced many problems during the period of 1880-1900. The change in currency and rise of prices were main difficulties. The farmerââ¬â¢s complaints were justified. The hardships they went through were extremely tough and many made it through. The reason for some success was because they refused to back down without a fight.
Wednesday, March 18, 2020
Walmart essayEssay Writing Service
Walmart essayEssay Writing Service Walmart essay Walmart essayBased on the cases described above, how would you describe the managerial philosophy of Walmart? What principles are involved? What are the over- riding aims, values, and goals of Walmart?Walmartââ¬â¢s managerial philosophy is profit-oriented that means that the company puts its marketing interests prior to ethical norms and standards. The company uses utilitarian principles to reach its over-riding aims, values and goals, which lead the company toward taking the competitive advantage in the marketing using any means to reach the target end.How would you decide, in any of the cases mentioned above, whether or not Walmart had been acting in a socially responsible way? What considerations would help you to decide?The company would refuse from bribery in Mexico, if it acted in a socially responsible way. This is the only possible way because bribery violates basic social and ethical norms and misbalances the performance of the company and its social responsibility. The c ompany cannot bribe, with the one hand and provide social support with another.Does it matter to you, as a potential customer or a potential employee, whether Walmart has acted unethically? Why or why not?It does matter a lot whether Walmart acts ethically or not because the neglect of basic ethical norms is the ultimate manifestation of disrespect to a potential customer or employee. I would not buy from or work at the company that violates ethical norms.For a corporation as complex as Walmart, with some activities that can be described as unethical and some as ethical, is it ever possible to make a blanket ethical judgment about its operations?It is possible to make a blanket ethical judgment about Walmartââ¬â¢s operations because the company should have corporate ethical norms and standards determining the conduct of its managers and employees worldwide.How might Walmart executives defend their actions after they learned of the bribery in Mexico? Would your judgment change if bribery was a common business practice in Mexico?Walmart executives justified cases of bribery by the high level of corruption in Mexico. However, even if bribery was a common business practice in Mexico, such practices are unacceptable for the company conducting socially responsible policies.Walmartââ¬â¢s wages are above the legally required minimum wage, and health benefits are not legally mandated. Are there reasons for a business to take actions that are not required by law but that might reduce profits?Such actions are acceptable as long as they are within the framework of the social responsibility of the company and stand for interests of employees and local community members.Does Walmart have any responsibilities to its suppliers other than those specified in their contracts?Formally, Walmart have responsibilities determined by contracts but also the company should be able to respect ethical norms and standards.
Monday, March 2, 2020
Cómo identificar un billete de dólar falso
Cà ³mo identificar un billete de dà ³lar falso Pagar con un billete de dà ³lar falso es un delito federal y, cualquier persona extranjera condenada por ese delito podrà a perder toda posibilidad de ingresar oà emigrar a Estados Unidos porqueà es una de las causas de inadmisibilidad, desde el punto de vista migratorio. En Estados Unidos,à turistas u otras personas con visas no inmigrantes asà como losà nuevos inmigrantes se sorprenden cuando en los comercios y almacenes los empleados comprueban si el billete con el que se paga es falso. Es una prctica habitual que no debe molestar. La razà ³n es que se estima que son falsos 100 de cada un millà ³n de billetes de dà ³lar en circulacià ³n, frente a 10 de cada millà ³n de francos suizos.à à ¿Cul es el billete de dà ³lar que se falsifica ms frecuentemente? Aunque dentro de Estados Unidos el billete falsificado ms comà ºn es el de $20, a nivel mundial es el de $100, siendo notoriamente famosos los producidos por el gobierno de Corea del Norte que, debido a su alta calidad, pueden pasar fcilmente como si fueran autà ©nticos cuando se les compara con los modelos antiguos de esos billetes. Precisamente para dificultar la produccià ³n ilegal de billetes de $100, el gobierno de los Estados Unidosà comenzà ³, en otoà ±o de 2013,à a poner en circulacià ³n billetes de esa denominacià ³n que son prcticamente imposibles de falsificar. Las caracterà sticas de los billetes de $100, cuyo costo de produccià ³n es superior al de su denominacià ³n, son las siguientes:à Lazo azul tridimensional de seguridad.La frase ONE HUNDRED USA aparece inscrita en letra muy pequeà ±a en el tintero y en la marca de agua est inscrito USA 100.La frase The United States of America aparece en letras diminutas en el cuello de Benjamin Franklin.La cifra 100 en grande cambia de color cuando se inclina el billete.La Campana de la Libertad que est dentro del tintero cambia de color segà ºn se incline el billete.Las imgenes alternas de campanas y del nà ºmero 100 cambian de color, segà ºn el ngulo con el que se incline el billete.La tira a la izquierda de la cara de Benjamin Franklin sà ³lo es visible si el billete se pone bajo un foco de luz.Grabado tipo entalladura que le da al billete una textura especial. 10 tips para identificar los billetes de dà ³lar falsos Se puede aprender a identifica los billetes de dà ³lar falsos de todo tipo de denominacià ³n siguiendo las siguientes tips simples y sencillas. 1. Hilo de seguridad Es posible verlo al levantar el billete y observarlo a contraluz. Se ver un hilo que atraviesa el billete de arriba a abajo. En realidad, es un trozo de polià ©ster incrustado en el billete que contiene la denominacià ³n del billete -de cunto es- en letras muy pequeà ±itas. Este hilo de seguridad se ve tanto si se mira al billete por el lado en el que aparece el retrato (anverso) como desde el reverso. Si se pone debajo de luz ultravioleta, el hilo se ilumina con un color fluorescente, uno distinto para cada uno de los distintos valores que pueden tener los billetes de dà ³lar americano. Si se pone debajo de una lmpara con luz negra, tambià ©n se puede comprobar que aparece el color correspondiente a la denominacià ³n del billete. Sin embargo, los billetes de $1 y $2 no tienen este hilo de seguridad. 2. Cambio de color Si se mira el billete por el anverso y se inclina con un pequeà ±o movimiento es posible detectar un cambio de color de los nà ºmeros situados en la parte inferior de la derecha en la que se expresa de cunto valor es el billete. Si se trata de un billete que se imprimià ³ recientemente, el cambio se ve mucho mejor que en otros que son ms antiguos. Tampoco tienen esta medida de seguridadà los billetes de $1 y $2. 3. Marca de agua Cuando se levanta el billete y se pone a contraluz, se puede observar una imagen similar a la del anverso y que no est bien definida.à Forma parte del papel y sà ³lo se ve asà . Los billetes de $1 y $2 no tienen, por ahora, marca de agua. Todos los dems, sà . 4. Tacto Las fà ³rmulas del papel en el que se imprimen los billetes y la tinta que se utiliza son secretas. Se sabe que est conformado en un 75 por ciento por algodà ³n y un 25 por ciento es lino, pero poco ms. Cuando los billetes entran en circulacià ³n el papel se desgasta de un modo muy particular de tal modo que las personas muy acostumbradas a tener en sus manos billetes -como dependientes de almacenes, taxistas, empleados de bancos, etc.- detectan rpidamente los billetes falsos. Carecen del tacto que hace tan peculiar al dà ³lar verdadero. 5. Fibra roja y azul Es posible detectar diminutas fibras rojas y azules por todo el billete y que forman parte del papel. En los dà ³lares falsos se puede apreciar que, o bien faltan, o bien estn impresas. Es decir, no son parte intrà nseca del papel. 6. Coincidencia de las cantidades Una de las formas clsicas de falsificar un billete es pegar muy bien y profesionalmente un nà ºmero en las esquinas donde aparece el valor del billete. Por ejemplo, aà ±adir un cero a un billete de $5 y asà obtener uno de $50. Es recomendable comprobar siempre que la cantidad en nà ºmero corresponde con la que se especifica en letra en el anverso y reverso del billete y que la cantidad que dice en nà ºmero corresponde con la correcta del retrato. Estas son: $1: George Washington (retrato pequeà ±o). El 45 por ciento de los billetes que se imprimen son de esta denominacià ³n. Son los ms usados y estn en circulacià ³n una media de menos de 6 aà ±os.$2: Thomas Jefferson (retrato pequeà ±o). Son raros, sà que existen$5: Abraham Lincoln. El color de fondo es violeta (pà ºrpura). Retrato grande.$10: Alexander Hamilton. El color de fondo es naranja. Retrato grande.$20: Andrew Jackson. Fondo de color verde y retrato grande.$50: Ulysses S. Grant. Fondo rosa y retrato grande.$100: Benjamin Franklin. Retrato grande, fondo de color. Es el segundo billete con mayor cantidad de unidades en circulacià ³n, despuà ©s del de $1.à Est previsto que en el aà ±o 2020 se presentarn pà ºblicamente billetes con figuras de mujeres, como por ejemplo Harriet Tubman en los de $20, pero tardarn todavà a varios aà ±os en estar en circulacià ³n, porque se tarda mucho tiempo en desarrollar billetes nuevos con todas los requisitos de seguridad. Adems, Steven Mnuchin, secretario del Tesoro en el gobierno de Donald Trump, ha expresado sus dudas a la hora deà cambiar la figura de Andrew Jackson con la de Tubman, una mujer negra que nacià ³ esclava y se convirtià ³ en una figura abolicionista clave en el siglo XIX. 7. Nà ºmeros de serie Es recomendable verificar que todos tengan el mismo estilo y que la distancia entre un nà ºmero y otro es siempre la misma. Adems, el color de los nà ºmeros de serie debe ser exacto, incluido el matiz, que el del sello del departamento del Tesoro. 8. Sellos de la Reserva Federal y del Departamento de Tesoro Los dientes de sierra de los sellos de la Reserva Federal y del departamento del Tesoro deben ser claros y no tener ninguno roto. 9. Comparacià ³n con otro billete Si se tiene dudaà sobre si un billete es genuino, es recomendable compararlo con otro de igual valor y, a poder ser, de la misma serie, y que se ha obtenido de un banco. Al ponerlos juntos generalmente se ve fcilmente la diferencia si uno de ellos es falso. 10. Otras formas de detectar billetes de dà ³lar falso Se puede comprar un lpiz detector de billetes falsos (counterfeit detection pens) en cualquier librerà a grande o tienda de artà culos de oficina. Sirven para detectar si el papel es falso. Al pintar una là nea sobre el billete y si torna color oro, entonces es verdadero. Si, en cambio, es marrà ³n oscura o gris, el billete es falso. Otras caracterà sticas del dà ³lar americano a tener en cuenta Cada billete pesa 1 gramo y todos los billetes tienen el mismo tamaà ±o: 16 pulgadas cuadradas.El Departamento del Tesoro reintegra billetes de dà ³lar a las personas que le entregan billetes rotos, siempre y cuanto tengan la mitad del mismo, como mà nimo.El 94 por ciento de los billetes est contaminado con algà ºn tipo de bacteria, la mayorà a no peligrosa, y el 90à por ciento contiene restos de cocaà na.Desde 1865 el Servicio Secreto es el encargado de proteger al dà ³lar y perseguir los billetes falsos y a quià ©nes los fabrican o utilizan. En aquel momento, justo al acabar la Guerra Civil (Secesià ³n), se calculaba que 1 de cada 3 billetes de dà ³lar en circulacià ³n eran falsos. A tener en cuenta si se tiene un documento falso En los billetes nuevos de $5, $10, $20 y $50 aparece la constelacià ³n Eurion, al igual que en otras divisas. Puede ser reconocida por los programas informticos y su objetivo es impedir que se reproduzcan billetes utilizando fotocopiadoras a color. En el caso de estar en posesià ³n de un billete falso adquirido involuntariamente, esà buena prctica contactar con el Servicio Secreto, ya que es quien se ocupa de este tipo de asuntos, aunque si se est en los Estados unidos en situacià ³n de indocumentado, antes de contactar a las autoridades es aconsejable asesorarse con un abogado. Por otro lado, pagar con un billete de dà ³lar falso es un delito federal, lo que se conoce en inglà ©s como una felony. La condena por un delito es causa para cancelar la visa o para que negar su renovacià ³n. Incluso es causa para que nieguen una visa de inmigrante o un ajuste de estatus para obtener la tarjeta de residencia permanente, conocida como green card. Consejos para turistas extranjeros en Estados Unidos Para evitar problemas, adems de no pagar con billetes falsos, se recomienda tener claro conà quà ©Ã frecuencia se puede volver a ingresar a EEUU como turistaà para evitar que las autoridades cancelen o revoquen la visa de turista. Adems, teniendo en cuenta lo caro que puede resultar obtener tratamiento mà ©dico, es muy recomendable saber cà ³moà comprar seguro mà ©dico antes de viajar a Estados Unidos, teniendo en cuenta que si por una emergencia mà ©dica se causa un gasto a Medicaid, se considerarà a a esa personaà una carga pà ºblica para los Estados Unidos y podrà a ser una causa para negar o cancelar la visa.à Este es un artà culo informativo. No es asesorà a legal.
Saturday, February 15, 2020
Batesvile Casket Company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words
Batesvile Casket Company - Essay Example They held the opinion that handling their customerââ¬â¢s needs was the path to success. They placed the utmost importance on customer satisfaction and consistently introduced improvement in their processes through technological innovation to provide speedy and better service to their customers. How New Technology Can Build Competitive Position The revolution in information technology is causing significant reduction in the cost of getting, processing and transmitting information. Information technology involves not just computers but encompasses the entire information that is used and created in a business, and the interlinked and convergent technologies that carry out processing of the information. The company faces a wide array of questions, namely how the technology can help them gain competitive advantage, what strategies can be used to obtain the maximum benefit of the technology and out of many options investment in which technology would yield the maximum benefit. The revol ution in information system has changed the structure of the industry and impacted competition. It has shown ways to companies to outperform their rivals; it creates the opportunity for businesses to realize the scope of new businesses from their existing ones (Porter & Miller, 1985). The implementation of new technology helps an organization to achieve competitive advantage over their competitors. James J. Kuisel, the MIS Director of Batesville Casket Company believed that the implementation of new technology would help them to gain leadership in the market. They were able to achieve remarkable cost reduction through the use of client/server network at the PC of the customer service center rather than the mainframe computer. The data was transferred from the client server to the mainframe. They were the pioneers in adopting a new PC development tool known as Knowledge-Man in the 1980s which helped them to reduce the cycle time. It was implemented by them faster than their competito rs. The MIS and the logistics department worked in conjunction and were able to reduce paperwork and thus serve customers faster. They did this at a time when competitors were still using paper based system. Initially, in 1990 the hardware that was used for customer service center was an early IBM PC. The system was obsolete and needed to be replaced. The software was required to be upgraded to the latest version of Knowledge ââ¬âMan. The logistic department expected upgrade of the distribution and manufacturing system. Bar coding of the model number of each casket helped in automated tracking and identification of caskets. A bar code reader was placed at the loading dock of the customer service center that was connected via radio frequency link to the PC of the customer service center. A system for maintaining records of orders, maintaining inventory based on model number was established to serve customers better. Batesville continuously upgraded their technology to provide bet ter service to customers. They replaced their hardware, decided on operating systems and revised their software. They introduced IBM PS/2 Model A16 which had a memory of 4 megabytes, colored monitor, math coprocessor, mouse and hard disc of 160 megabyte. They installed Epson LQ1170 and Hayes 9600 Ultra external modem.
Sunday, February 2, 2020
Financial Regulation & Supervision Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words
Financial Regulation & Supervision - Essay Example These regulations not only protect the firms involved in online transactions but also the cardholders from being exploited by the online frauds. Such compliance requirements have posed new challenges as to how to minimize compliance costs and continuously monitor the security systems to stay ahead of web criminals. Nevertheless, the benefits seem to surpass the costs associated with these regulations. Table of Contents Executive Summary 2 Table of Contents 3 Introduction 4 Facts of the Case 5 Andrewsââ¬â¢ Options with Bank 6 Advantages of PCI DSS Compliance Advisor 10 Conclusion 11 References 13 Bibliography 15 Introduction A few years back the fraud in payment cards was conducted by small time criminals who used to take the advantage of opportunities as they came along. However, today it has become a well organized crime where sensitive customer information is stolen and ruthlessly exploited, affecting millions of cardholders and retail businesses. Considering this the PCI DSS we re introduced. PCI refers to ââ¬ËPayment Card Industryââ¬â¢ and DSS to ââ¬ËData Security Standardââ¬â¢ (Carpenter, 2010). ... ember 2006 for the management and development of PCI security standards to improve the payment account security in transaction process (PCI Compliance Guide, n.d.). PCI SSC was formed by major credit card brands like VISA, American Express, MasterCard, JCB and Discover (Kim and Solomon, 2010, p.395). These brands and their acquirers are responsible for the enforcement of compliance with the standards. All the merchant companies that process transmit and store the cardholder data should be PCI DSS compliant. There are three steps in adherence to the standards: 1. Assess: This involves identification of cardholder data, inventory of business processes and IT assets along with an analysis of vulnerability in the security system for potential cardholder data exposure. 2. Remediate: No to store cardholder data unless needed and fix the vulnerabilities identified in step 1. 3. Report: Compilation and submission of required validation records and compliance report to the acquiring bank and the payment card company (Hart et al, 2010, p.357). There are four merchant levels: Level 1: The level 1 merchant has aggregate annual online transactions of more than six million and has been subject to cardholder data breach or poses significant risk. They are required to have an onsite audit every year by Qualified Security Assessor and quarterly network security scan by Approved Scanning Vendor (Bradley, 2007, p.209). Level 2: The level 2 merchant has annual aggregate transaction between one million and six million. They should submit PCI DSS self assessment questionnaire on an annual basis and conduct network scans every three months by Approved Scanning Vendor. Level 3: The level 3 merchants have annual aggregate transactions between 20,000 and one million; therefore, they should PCI
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